Estrategias de adaptación de las víctimas del terremoto de 2010 en Chile: reflexiones para la intervención social
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37467/gka-revsocial.v4.799Palabras clave:
desastre natural, siniestrado, adaptación, intervención socialResumen
A pesar de que las consecuencias de los desastres naturales en la salud psicológica son un tema bien documenta-do en la literatura, pocas investigaciones han examinado el significado de esta experiencia en la vida de los siniestrados de terremotos así como las estrategias de adaptación frente a este tipo de fenómenos. Esta investigación aborda esta problemá-tica, basándose en los resultados de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio. La investigación se basó en informaciones recogidas en catorce adultos que vivieron el terremoto del 27 de febrero de 2010 en Chile, cuyas edades fluctuaban entre 24 y 70 años de edad. Esta investigación permite identificar ciertas estrategias de adaptación que los participantes han utilizado para sobre llevar el estrés causado por el terremoto. Este autor destaca que la intervención psicosocial en las víctimas de desas-tres naturales debe tener en cuenta enfoques globales centrados en la persona y en sus familiares o cercanos tanto en la fase de pre desastre, la fase de ayuda y la fase de restablecimiento en función de la vulnerabilidad de los individuos, de las pérdidas sufridas y perturbaciones causadas por el desastre.
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